![]() In the late 1850s, art suppliers begin referring to the pigment as "ceruleum" blue. It was generally known as Höpfner blue from the late eighteenth century until the middle of the nineteenth century. Subsequently, there was limited German production under the name of Cölinblau. On the left as a standoil glaze over zinc white on the right as a mass tone in oil-based paint.Ĭobalt stannate pigment was first synthesized in 1789 by the Swiss chemist Albrecht Höpfner by heating roasted cobalt and tin oxides together. Ĭerulean is inert with good light resistance, and it exhibits a high degree of stability in both watercolor and acrylic. The chromate makes excellent turquoise colours and is identified by Rex Art and some other manufacturers as "cobalt turquoise". Today, cobalt chromate is sometimes marketed under the cerulean blue name but is darker and greener than the cobalt stannate version. When used in oil paint, it loses this quality. In watercolor, it has a slight chalkiness. The primary chemical constituent of the pigment is cobalt(II) stannate ( CoĤ). It was not widely used by artists until the 1870s when it became available in oil paint. Art suppliers began referring to cobalt stannate as cerulean in the second half of the nineteenth century. The pigment was first synthesized in the late eighteenth century by Albrecht Höpfner, a Swiss chemist, and it was known as Höpfner blue during the first half of the nineteenth century. "Cerulean blue" is the name of a blue-green pigment consisting of cobalt stannate ( CoĤ). The word is derived from the Latin word caeruleus, "dark blue, blue, or blue-green", which in turn probably derives from caerulum, diminutive of caelum, "heaven, sky". The first recorded use of cerulean as a colour name in English was in 1590. Lastly, in the right column I mixed all of these with an equal amount of nickel titanate yellow, which is a somewhat dull lemon yellow, to see how they’d behave.Cerulean ( / s ə ˈ r uː l i ə n/), also spelled caerulean, is a shade of blue ranging between azure and a darker sky blue. The name cerulean probably comes from the Latin word for heaven or sky. I actually prefer the PB36 version of cerulean because the color has a little more intensity to it. Either this or the PB36 version labeled as cerulean would be good for painting skies, especially closer to the horizon where the sky has more green, as they are both slightly greener than cobalt blue. ![]() It typically dries to a more matte surface. I like the turquoise color, but again I rarely use it. At the other end of its range are blue turquoise and green turquoise varieties. Although it’s not the original cerulean blue, PB36 can be so close to the original in appearance that it’s often given the name cerulean. PB36 is another pigment that comes in a large range of varieties. I think they can be useful for painting green hills far in the distance, and definitely tropical water, but until now I’ve also rarely used them myself. I almost never see other artists talk about having teals like these on their palette, so they must not be popular. They’re similar enough that if you have one you won’t need the other. ![]() One is an uncommon and very opaque teal version of the standard cobalt blue pigment, PB28, and the other is a teal version of one of the cobalt greens, PG50. There’s two pigments that are labeled as cobalt teal by the paint makers that offer them. The difference between them being which other metals are included, such as aluminum or chromium, and in what amounts. Although this particular pigment is called by the name cobalt blue, all of the above paints contain cobalt. Compared to ultramarine it’s a little more opaque and has a little less red while being lighter in masstone. It dries fast because of the cobalt content. Regular cobalt blue is normally made from the pigment PB28 and it’s a good, but often expensive, middle blue. I can’t guarantee color accuracy in the photo, but I think it’s close. In a forum thread we were discussing cobalt teal and I posted this photo of various cobalt blue pigments in oil paint, which I thought I’d share here too.
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